Jp-En

Romaji	Kanji/ -kana	English	Notes
aki	秋	autumn
ama	あま	fisherman
ama-no	天の	heavenly
amatsu	天つ	heavenly; imperial 天 (ama) heavens; sky; imperial 津 (tsu) haven; port; harbour; ferry	The particle case [tsu] has same meaning here as [no] in archaic Japanese (‘s; of; -ly).
arami	あらみ	rough/coarse (because)	Adjective stem ara + suffix –mi and partical o (をあらみ) because (it is) rough
ashibiki (no)	あしびき (の)	foot drag, foot weary, foot aching,	Pillow word modifier of mountains, peaks
ba	ば	if
chihayaburu	千早ぶる		pillow word epiteth used of ‘god(s)’
fuchi	淵	deep pool, abyss, edge, the depths
Fuji	富士	Place name
fuke ni keru	更けにける	to grow late
fuki	吹
fune	舟	boat
furi	ふり	to fall on, to pour down, to cover
furu	ふる	to fall  down, falling, shake, whip; to pour down (as rain, snow, hail); to grow/become old/worn out
ga	が	case particle: subject marker; designation; modifier of a word with following word; ‘is’ ‘
hana	花	flower
hara	原	meadow; original; primitive; field; plain; prairie; tundra; wilderness
haru	春	spring
hashi	橋	bridge
hito	人	person; people (s/he; him; her; them)
hitome	人目	make an appearance, public gaze, glimpse
hitori	ひとり	one, alone, yourself, himself,
ho	ほ	rice sheaf or bundle
hoshi tari	ほしたり	to dry/air/hang
idenu	出ぬ	out-have-been
ide-te	出で	exit; leave; go out; come out; put out; protrude;  set forth, set out;
hiji	ひ路	tract; path, channel; road; route	As suffix = way to; road to;
ima	今かへりこむ	now, at the present time, immediately,
Inaba	いなば	Place name	with word play on ‘ina’ as suffix ‘to go’ ‘journey’ ‘leave’
io	庵	hut; hermitage;
iro	色	colour, complexion, appearance, tint; lust, desire, love, lover
itazura –ni	いたづらに [いたずらに]	mischief, tease, prank, trick; with adverbial  -ni Unnecessarily; in vain; vainly; for nothing; Mischievously;
ka	か	?, do,  either/or, whether, what	Interrogative particle @ end of sentence
kaeri	かへり	return, go/come home,	form ofかへる kaeru homecoming, returning home
Kagu Kaguyama	香具	Name of mountain
kakete	かけて	over; toward
kamiyo	神代	ancient times, age of the gods
karakurenai	からくれない	(Chinese) crimson, deep red
kari	かり	harvested ears of rice
kario	かりほ	temporary/makeshift hut	wordplay – kari-ho = dried sheafs
kasasagi	かささぎ	magpie(s)
kawa, -gawa	川	river
kayo	かよ	to pass upon; to and from
kayohiji	通ひ路 かよひ路	a path, route, road, track to go back and forth on, to ply between, a way to pass upon, to and fro
kaze	風	wind; breeze
keri	けり	Exclamation of realization
kika -ba	きか	hear, heard, ask, inform(ed),
kikazu	きかず	negative (zu) sentence ending form of  to hear, to listen (to tell, inform, read to, sing about).
kimi	君	1.you; buddy; pal 2. master, young master 3. (classical) prince, lord
kishi	岸	bank, coast, shore, beach
kitaru-rashi	夏来たるらし	come(s), next, coming, came + suffix –rashi (it seems)	‘ru’ (る) may be elided.
kogi	こぎ	row (-ed)
koi	恋	Love, passion, yearning,
komu	こむ	aux. verb of intensity ; ‘to do’, will,
koromo	衣	garment; clothes; dressing
koromode	衣手	sleeve(s)
kukuru	くくる	to tie, bind, tie-dye
kumo	雲	cloud
ma (-ni)	まに	interval, spot, place, period of time; ma ni (in period, place) – between, during, among the
matsu	まつ	1.n. pine tree 2.v. to wait	(kakekotoba)
Michnoku	みちのくの	place name
midare	乱れ	disturbance, disorder, unrest, riot, war
Minano	みなの川	Place name	Word play on everybody, man, woman.
mine	峰	summit, peak
mireba	みれば	when...sees/looks
miyako	都	city; capital;
mizu	水	water
mo	も	also, too, as much as, even, about	Emphatic particle
mojizuri	もぢずり	a fabric with an irregular pattern of patches or spots of different shades
na	な	End of sentence emotional or emphatic particle.
na	菜	vegetable, side dish, greens
naga	なが	long, length, length of, lengths
nagame naga-ame	ながめ ながあめ [長雨]	1. n. to look at, glance at, to view, to gaze at, watching (nagameru - 眺める) a long spell of rain
Naganaga(shi)	ながなが	The long, long; drawn-out, longer, (the, then, and then)
naku	なく	not
nami	波	wave
nara	なら	to be
nari (nuru)	なり(ぬる)	nari (existence) nuru may be read a completion of ‘to be’ (existence) of nari (ie, nari – to be/ narinuru =has become); but nuru may also be read as form of nure – wet, damp.
natsu	夏	summer
ne	嶺	peak, summit, ridge,
nemu	ねむ	sleep,	(眠nemuri)
ni	に	locative particle
ni	に	case particle indicating reason, the reason is, because of, given that (ので in modern Japanese), because of who (tare)?
no	の	genitive particle
no	野	plain, field
nure	ぬれ	wet
nuretsutsu	ぬれつつ	becoming wet
nuru	ぬる	to make love, become damp, get wet
o	を	Accusative particle  (Follows the direct) object. (the, to, a, an, your)
o	尾	tail; tail end;  slope at the foot of a mountain;
oku	おく or 置く	to put, place, set, deposit
otome	乙女	maiden; virgin; young lady; little girl; daughter	天つ乙女 amatsu otome = celestial maiden(s)
otsuru	落つる	to fall, drop, come down (tsuru – act of; emphatic)
ouru	生ふる	noun form of verb ‘to grow’
ran	らむ	aux. verb of speculation, hypothesis, conjecture of cause
sae	さへ	even; even...in addition
se -shi	せし	do (with past tense aux. –shi)
shibashi	しばし	for a short while; for a brief period
shidari	しだり	drooping,  trailing	Shidari o no = a pillow word of ‘dori’
shika	鹿 しか	deer; just; is only;  only the/a; thus; agreeable, to one’s liking.
shima	島	island
shimo	霜	frost
shinobu	しのぶ	n. 1. species of fern 2. colour of clothing (light green on blue) 3. cloth patterned using a species of fern 4. place name, a region of Michinoku v. 1. to recollect, remember, to long for 2. to hide; conceal oneself 3. to endure, suffer in silence, to silently bear,
shiro	白	white
shirotae	白妙		Pillow word modifier of things that are 白 - white
some	そめ	dye(ing), print(ing), そめる someru – to dye, to print; to begin
sugata	すがた	Figure; form; shape; appearance
sugite	過ぎて	passed
Suminoe	住の江	place name
sumu	すむ	to reside; to live in; to inhabit; to dwell
ta	田	rice field, paddy field, field
tachi	立ち	to stand, erect, rise
Tago	田子	Place name
takane	高嶺	lofty peak;
tame	ため	because, since, for, for the sake of, on behalf of, for the benefit of,	conjunction
tare	誰	who, someone, somebody,
tatsumi	たつみ	south-east (dragon, snake)
Tatsuta	龍田	name of river
te	手	hand
te	て	Conjunctive particle
to	と	Case particle; copula aux verb; quotative particle; conjunctive (even if)
to shi	とし	and, and the, with, as
Todome [-mu]	とどめ[- む]	to stop; to stay;	Termination [む] aux. Verb of volition – will,
tojiyo	とぢよ	close; shut;	Imperative form of tojiru [閉じる]– to close; to shut;
toma	苫	rush-mat/thatch
tori	鳥	bird; chicken
tsugeyo	告げよ	tell; inform; announce; proclaim	Imperitive of tsugeru告げる [つげる]
Tsukuba -ne	筑波嶺	Place name – Mount Tsukuba	Its two peaks are called Nantai 男体山 (Male mountain) and Nyotai 女体山  (Female mountain)
tsumori-te	つもり-て	to accumulate, grow big(ger), deep(er), full(er)	-te conjunctive particle, completion of an action (the action of that which is falling, oto-tsuru).
tsumu	つむ	to pluck, to pick, to trim
tsuri	つり	fishing
-tsutsu	つつ	Conjunctive particle: becoming, being; while, during.
tsuyu	露	dew, dewdrop	used figuratively of tears, esp. when used in connection with sleeves
uchi	打ち	strike; hit; knock; pound; dozen	adds vigour, force as a prefix strengthening  a verb
uji	うじ	disagreeable; grief; sorrow; bitter; maggot;
Ujiyama	うじ山	Place name, Uji Mountain
ura	浦	bay; creek; inlet; gulf; beach; seacoast
utsuri	うつり	to fade, wither; shifted, moved, changed; reflected
wa (ha)	は	Topic marker (is, are, the)
wa ... tsutsu	は -- つつ	Conjunctive particle of continuing action, ‘while’
waga	わが	my; mine; one’s own; our;
waga -mi	わが身	myself, oneself; my (waga = wa/I, ga/genitive) body (mi)
waka	若	young, immature
wakare	別れ	to depart, parting, bid farewell, part from,
ware	我	I, oneself, ego, selfish, our
wata	わた	sea; beach
wataseru	渡せる	(that can be) passed, crossed, ferried
wo	を
ya	や	final or expressive particle expressive of exclamation, irony or rhetorical question.
yama	山	mountain
Yamadori	山鳥	mountain fowl (copper pheasant)
yaso	八十	eighty (8, 10);	used figuratively of ‘many’
yo	夜	night, evening
yo	世	world, life, existence; age, generation; yo ni – the world, in the world, into the world.
yoku	よく[避ける]	evade, avoid, avert, ward off, shirk, shun
yori	より	Case particle (along which/from; down from; from which)
yoru	よる	to be due to; to depend on; to gather, to visit, drop in/near/by
yoru	よる [夜]	evening, night
yue	故	reason, cause, consequently, therefore, happenstance,
yuki	雪	snow
yume	夢	dream,
zo	ぞ	Case particle, emphatic end of phrase marker (!)